Hastelloy metals and alloys are known for their excellent corrosion resistance and versatility, making them essential materials for various industries. This guide comprehensively introduces Hastelloy, including its types, properties, applications, and more. Hopefully, it will provide guidance and suggestions for more manufacturers and engineers.
Compared with conventional stainless steels and even other nickel alloys, Hastelloy materials demonstrate superior resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and oxidation, especially in highly aggressive chemical environments.
As a global supplier of special alloys, Huaxiao Metal (HXM) provides a full range of Hastelloy products with stable quality, international standards compliance, and competitive pricing, supporting customers worldwide.
Need to source high-performance Hastelloy for your project? Huaxiao Metal is a leading supplier of Hastelloy plates, pipes, bars, and more.
What are Hastelloy Metals and Alloys?
Hastelloy metal is a trademarked name for a series of corrosion-resistant metal alloys primarily composed of nickel, molybdenum, and iron, with varying amounts of cobalt, tungsten, and other elements depending on the specific grade. These alloys are designed to withstand harsh chemical environments, including acids, oxidizing solutions, and high-temperature applications.
Key advantages of Hastelloy metal include:
Exceptional corrosion resistance in oxidizing and reducing environments
High mechanical strength at elevated temperatures
Superior resistance to pitting, stress-corrosion cracking, and crevice corrosion
Versatility in manufacturing processes such as welding, machining, and forming
Huaxiao Metal provides a wide range of Hastelloy metals suitable for chemical, petrochemical, marine, and aerospace applications, ensuring reliable performance and longevity.
Hastelloy Metals and Alloys Grades
Choosing the right Hastelloy alloy grade is critical. The most widely used grades belong to the “C-type” family, but other specialized grades serve critical functions.
| Grade | Key Features & Primary Applications | Nominal Chemical Composition (Key Elements) |
| HASTELLOY C-276(UNS N10276) | The original workhorse. Excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive media. Widely used in chemical processing, pollution control, and waste treatment. | Ni: Bal, Mo: 15-17%, Cr: 14.5-16.5%, Fe: 4-7%, W: 3-4.5% |
| HASTELLOY C-22 (UNS N06022) | An improved version of C-276 with enhanced resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Superior in oxidizing aqueous media. | Ni: Bal, Mo: 12.5-14.5%, Cr: 20-22.5%, Fe: 2-6%, W: 2.5-3.5% |
| HASTELLOY B-2/B-3(UNS N10665 / UNS N10675) | Exceptional resistance to non-oxidizing acids like hydrochloric and sulfuric acid at all concentrations and temperatures. B-3 offers better thermal stability. | Ni: Bal, Mo: 26-30% (B-2), 28.5% (B-3) |
| HASTELLOY X (UNS N06002) | Known for its outstanding high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and fabricability. Primarily used in aerospace for jet engine components. | Ni: Bal, Cr: 20.5-23%, Fe: 17-20%, Mo: 8-10% |
| HASTELLOY G-30 | Offers superior resistance to commercial phosphoric acid and other highly oxidizing acid mixtures. Common in fertilizer production. | Ni: Bal, Cr: 28-31.5%, Fe: 13-17%, Mo: 4-6% |
After comparing grades, the next step is to check availability and specifications.
B-type Alloys
Characteristics: These alloys excel in resisting hydrochloric acid and other strongly reducing agents.
Examples: Hastelloy B, B-2, and B-3.
Applications: Commonly used in chemical processing industries for handling acids.
C-type Alloys
Characteristics: Known for their resistance to oxidizing and reducing agents, including wet chlorine and mixtures containing nitric acid.
Examples: Hastelloy C, C-22, C-276, and C-2000.
Applications: Used in reactors, heat exchangers, and scrubbers.
G-type Alloys
Characteristics: Designed to resist phosphoric acid and highly oxidizing acid environments.
Examples: Hastelloy G-30 and G-35.
Applications: Perfect for fertilizer production and pollution control equipment.
Hastelloy Alloys Data Sheet
Hastelloy Alloys Chemical Compositions
| Element | B-type Alloys (%) | C-type Alloys (%) | G-type Alloys (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ni | 65–70 | 50–60 | 44–60 |
| Mo | 26–30 | 13–16 | 1.5–5 |
| Cr | 1–3 | 14–16 | 20–30 |
| Fe | 2–5 | 3–5 | 15–22 |
| Co | ≤2 | ≤2 | ≤2 |
| Other Elements | Trace | Trace | Trace |
The Mechanical Properties of Hastelloy
| Property | B-type Alloys | C-type Alloys | G-type Alloys |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 690–760 | 750–830 | 690–750 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 240–310 | 275–345 | 240–310 |
| Elongation (%) | 40–50 | 45–55 | 35–45 |
| Hardness (Rockwell C) | 20–30 | 25–35 | 20–28 |
The Physical Properties of Hastelloy
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density (g/cm³) | ~8.9 |
| Melting Range (°C) | 1300–1350 |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 9–11 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (µm/m·°C) | 12–15 |
| Electrical Resistivity (µΩ·m) | 1.2–1.5 |
Characteristics of Hastelloy Alloys
Outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.
Excellent weldability and formability.
Strong resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures.
Special Properties of Hastelloy Alloys
Ability to withstand chlorine environments.
Resistant to stress corrosion cracking.
Exceptional performance in reducing and oxidizing conditions.
Benefits of Hastelloy Metal & Alloys
Longer service life in extreme conditions.
Reduced maintenance costs due to high durability.
Versatility across industries, ensuring cost-effective solutions.
Applications for Hastelloy Metal & Alloys
Hastelloy metals are widely used in industries that demand high-performance materials:
Chemical Processing: Reactors, heat exchangers, piping, and valves
Petrochemical Industry: Catalyst vessels, chemical tanks, and piping systems
Marine Applications: Corrosion-resistant components in seawater systems
Aerospace and Defense: Components requiring high strength and corrosion resistance
Environmental Applications: Wastewater treatment equipment
At Huaxiao Metal, we ensure our Hastelloy products are available in sheets, plates, bars, and tubes, catering to diverse industrial requirements worldwide.
Costs of Hastelloy Alloys
Hastelloy metal alloy is a premium material. Prices vary depending on grade, market demand and processing complexity. For specific prices, please contact reliable suppliers and manufacturers.
Hastelloy Alloy Fabrication and Handling
Proper fabrication ensures the longevity and performance of Hastelloy alloys:
Welding: Suitable for various welding techniques; preheating is usually not required
Machining: Requires sharp tools and controlled speed due to high strength
Forming: Can be cold or hot-formed; annealing may be required for complex shapes
Surface Treatment: Pickling or passivation may enhance corrosion resistance
Following these practices maximizes the performance of Hastelloy metals in industrial applications.
Comparison of Hastelloy Alloys with Other Specialty Alloys
When selecting materials, engineers often need to compare the performance of different alloys. Below is a detailed comparison of Hastelloy with another common nickel-based alloy, Alloy 20.
Alloy 20 vs. Hastelloy: An In-depth Comparison
Conclusion: Alloy 20 vs. Hastelloy C276 or Alloy 20 vs. Hastelloy: Although Alloy 20 performs well in certain applications (especially with dilute sulfuric acid), Hastelloy C276 significantly outperforms it in a wider range of extreme corrosive environments, particularly in complex media with wet chlorides and mixtures of strong acids. For applications with extremely high reliability requirements and complex, harsh corrosive environments, Hastelloy alloys are always the safer and more reliable choice.
Understanding Hastelloy Alloy Prices: Influencing Factors and Purchasing Recommendations
“Hastelloy metal price” is one of the most pressing questions customers ask when inquiring about a price. Hastelloy alloy prices are generally higher than those of ordinary stainless steel, primarily due to the following factors:
Raw Material Cost: Fluctuations in the prices of rare metals such as nickel, molybdenum, and tungsten directly impact the alloy’s cost.
Grade: Different grades vary in price due to their composition and production processes. For example, Hastelloy C276 is generally more expensive due to its high content of rare elements.
Product Form: Different forms, such as bar, plate, tube, and forging, vary in price due to their different production processes and losses.
Processing Difficulty: Due to its high strength and toughness, Hastelloy alloy is difficult to process, requiring specialized equipment and techniques, which increases manufacturing costs.
As an experienced supplier, Huaxiao Metal understands the importance of price transparency and quality assurance. We work closely with renowned global metallurgical plants, directly sourcing high-quality raw materials and utilizing advanced production processes to ensure competitive Hastelloy metal prices and superior product quality.
Where to Source Hastelloy Metals and Alloys?
To procure high-quality Hastelloy metal & alloys, partnering with reputable suppliers is essential. Huaxiao Metal offers a wide range of Hastelloy products with guaranteed quality, competitive pricing, and timely delivery. Contact us today to discuss your requirements and request a quote!
Hastelloy Product Forms and Supply Range
Huaxiao Metal supplies Hastelloy alloys in various forms, including:
Hastelloy plates & sheets
Hastelloy pipes & tubes
Hastelloy round bars & forged bars
Hastelloy wire, fittings, and flanges
Available Standards
ASTM / ASME
EN / DIN
JIS
Customized specifications upon request
Request a quotation today with grade, size, quantity, and destination — our team will respond promptly.
The Importance of Annealing in Hastelloy Manufacturing
Annealing is a critical step in Hastelloy production. This process relieves internal stresses, enhances ductility, and ensures the material’s microstructure is optimized for corrosion resistance. Proper annealing guarantees long-term performance and reliability.
Why Choose Huaxiao Metal as Your Hastelloy Supplier?
Extensive Inventory: We offer a full range of Hastelloy grades, including Hastelloy C276, Hastelloy B-2, Hastelloy C-22, etc., and stock a wide range of specifications of plates, bars, tubes and forgings to meet your urgent needs.
Technical Expertise: Our team can help you select the optimal grade for your specific operating conditions.
Quality Assurance: All our products are supplied with Mill Test Certificates (MTC) and meet international standards. We are ISO certified.
Competitive Pricing: Leveraging our supply chain, we offer high-performance alloys at a fair market price.
Choosing the right material is the first step to ensuring the safety, longevity, and efficiency of your project. Hastelloy alloys provide the ultimate solution for environments where other materials simply cannot perform.
Contact the Huaxiao Metal team today. We’ll provide a competitive quote, technical data sheets, and the expert advice you need to succeed.
Frequently Asked Questions: Hastelloy Metals and Alloys
What is Hastelloy metal used for?
Hastelloy metal is used in chemical processing, petrochemical, marine, and aerospace industries due to its corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength.
Is Hastelloy better than stainless steel?
Yes. Hastelloy alloys offer far superior corrosion resistance, especially in aggressive chemical environments.
What is the most commonly used Hastelloy alloy grade?
Hastelloy C-276 and C-22 are among the most widely used due to their balanced corrosion resistance.
What is Hastelloy C276?
Hastelloy C276 alloy is one of the best-known grades in the Hastelloy family. It is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium-tungsten alloy highly regarded for its excellent corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing media, particularly against pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking.
The composition of Hastelloy C276 includes approximately 57% nickel, 16% molybdenum, 5% iron, with small amounts of cobalt, tungsten, and manganese.
What is the difference between Alloy 20 and Hastelloy?
The primary differences between Alloy 20 and Hastelloy lie in their composition and applicable environments. Alloy 20 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with added copper and molybdenum, primarily designed for handling dilute sulfuric acid. Hastelloy, specifically Hastelloy C276, is a high-nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy that offers enhanced corrosion resistance in a wider range of extreme corrosive environments, including wet chlorine and various strong acid mixtures.
What is the main difference between Hastelloy C-276 and C-22?
C-22 has a higher chromium content and lower molybdenum content than C-276. This gives C-22 superior resistance to oxidizing aqueous media and better protection against pitting and crevice corrosion, making it a more advanced and often preferred choice for certain critical applications.
Is Hastelloy magnetic?
Hastelloy Metals and Alloys are nickel-based and are generally considered non-magnetic in their annealed (softened) state. However, severe cold working can induce a slight magnetic response in some grades.
Is Hastelloy metal expensive?
The Hastelloy metal price is higher than common stainless steels or Alloy 20 due to nickel and molybdenum content but offers long-term durability and reduced maintenance costs.
How does Hastelloy compare to Inconel?
Both are nickel-based superalloys, but they excel in different areas. Hastelloy’s primary strength is its superior corrosion resistance, especially in reducing and acidic environments. Inconel’s primary strength is its exceptional performance at extremely high temperatures, where it maintains its strength and resists oxidation.
How do I choose the right Hastelloy grade for my project?
Choosing the right Hastelloy grade requires a comprehensive consideration of factors such as the media type, temperature, pressure, and budget. We recommend that you provide detailed application environment parameters. Our team of professional engineers will recommend the most economical and reliable Hastelloy metal solution based on your specific needs.
Conclusion: Partner with Huaxiao Metal
From acidic reactors in the chemical industry to critical aerospace components, Hastelloy metals and alloys are pushing the boundaries of materials and ensuring the smooth operation of global industries. As a company dedicated to providing high-quality Hastelloy alloys, Huaxiao Metal is your trusted partner.
At Huaxiao Metal, we provide a wide range of Hastelloy alloys, including C-22, C-276, B, and more, available in various forms and sizes. Our team is ready to assist you in selecting the perfect material for your project.
Contact us today to receive your personalized Hastelloy alloy quote! Let’s work together to bring unparalleled performance and reliability to your next project.
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